Materials / Stainless Steel

Stainless Steel 316

Stainless Steel 316 (marine) strength, stiffness, density and thermal properties, with their source.

A bracket in Stainless Steel 316, brushed finish.

Mechanical
Yield strength265MPa1
Ultimate tensile strength583MPa1
Elongation at break61%1
Young's modulus (stiffness)200GPa1
Density8,027kg/m³1
Strength to weight33kN·m/kg
Stiffness to weight24.9MN·m/kg
Poisson's ratiodesign value0.32
Shear modulus76.9GPa
Bulk modulus167GPa
Speed of sound4,992m/s
1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Young's modulus (GPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonWoodAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110Copper C10100Copper C12200GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin StandardSLA Resin Tough 2000SLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelConcretePCB Laminate FR-4SiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Ceramic Aluminum NitrideAluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum 3003-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Stainless Steel 316
Stiffness against densityHigher and further left: stiffer for its weight
1k10k101001kDensity (kg/m³)Yield strength (MPa)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic TPUPlastic NylonRubberWoodAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110Copper C10100Copper C12200GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM PAHT-CFFDM HIPSSLA Resin StandardSLA Resin Tough 2000SLA Resin Elastic 50ASLS PA12 NylonDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelBrickPCB Laminate FR-4SiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Aluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum 3003-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Stainless Steel 316
Strength against densityHigher and further left: stronger for its weight
Thermal
Thermal conductivity20–100 °C14.6W/m·K1
Thermal expansionmean16.5µm/m·K1
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing82.5µm growth
Specific heatat 20 °C450J/kg·K1
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)4.04mm²/s
Thermal shock resistance821W/m
Melting pointmelting range1,390–1,440°C1
Max service temperatureoxidation871–899°C1
1k10k0.1110100Density (kg/m³)Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)Plastic PLAPlastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic NylonRubberWoodAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110Copper C10100Copper C12200GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM HIPSSLA Resin StandardDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelConcreteBrickPCB Laminate FR-4SiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Ceramic Aluminum NitrideAluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum 3003-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Stainless Steel 316
Thermal conductivity against densityHigher and further left: spreads more heat for its weight
0.111010010100Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)Thermal expansion (µm/m·K)Plastic PETGPlastic ABSPlastic NylonWoodAluminumSteelIronTitaniumSteel AISI 1018Stainless Steel 304Aluminum 6061-T6Aluminum 7075-T6Brass C360Copper C110Copper C10100Copper C12200GlassSteel AISI 1045Steel AISI 4340Steel A992Stainless Steel 303Stainless Steel 17-4PHAluminum 2024-T351Aluminum 5052-H32Aluminum 7050-T7451Titanium Ti-6Al-4VBrass C260Nickel Inconel 718Magnesium AZ31B-H24Zinc Zamak 3Plastic ABS (bulk/injection)Plastic PolycarbonatePlastic POM/AcetalPlastic Nylon PA6Plastic Nylon PA66Plastic PEEKPlastic PTFEPlastic UHMWPEPlastic HDPEPlastic PolypropylenePlastic PMMAFDM ASAFDM PolycarbonateFDM HIPSSLA Resin StandardDMLS AlSi10Mg AluminumDMLS Ti-6Al-4V ELI TitaniumDMLS 316L Stainless SteelDMLS 17-4PH Stainless SteelConcreteBrickPlywoodPCB Laminate FR-4SiliconCeramic Alumina 96%Ceramic Aluminum NitrideAluminum A380Aluminum 6063-T6Aluminum 1100-OAluminum 3003-OAluminum ADC12Magnesium AZ91DSolder SAC305Plastic PBT GF30Plastic PPS GF40Plastic LCP GF30Stainless Steel 316
Thermal expansion against thermal conductivityLower and further right: warps less when heated
Sources2 documents: ATI, Steel Construction Institute
Values for
Wrought. ATI 316 (UNS S31600), annealed 1.0 mm sheet, ATI technical data sheet (2012); Poisson's ratio from the Nickel Institute/SCI structural stainless design manual
  1. 1
    ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)ATIarchived copyYield strength: typical (representative), annealed 1.0 mm sheetUltimate tensile strength: typical (representative), annealed 1.0 mm sheetElongation at break: typical (representative), annealed, in 2 in. (51 mm)Young's modulus (stiffness): typical, in tensionDensity: typicalThermal conductivity: 20–100 °CThermal expansion: mean, 20–100 °CSpecific heat: at 20 °CMelting point: melting rangeMax service temperature: oxidation (scaling) limit in air
  2. 2
    Design Manual for Structural Stainless Steel, 4th Edition (P413)Steel Construction Institutearchived copyPoisson's ratio: design value (structural stainless steels)
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Thermal properties of Stainless Steel 316

Thermal conductivity of Stainless Steel 316

Stainless Steel 316 has a thermal conductivity of 14.6 W/m·K (8.44 BTU/hr·ft·°F). Basis: 20–100 °C. Source: ATI, ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)archived copy.

Specific heat of Stainless Steel 316

The specific heat capacity of Stainless Steel 316 is 450 J/kg·K (0.107 BTU/lb·°F). Basis: at 20 °C. Source: ATI, ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)archived copy.

Coefficient of thermal expansion of Stainless Steel 316

Stainless Steel 316 expands 16.5 µm/m·K (9.17 µin/in·°F): a 100 mm part grows 82.5 µm over a 50 °C rise. Basis: mean, 20–100 °C. Source: ATI, ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)archived copy.

Thermal diffusivity of Stainless Steel 316

Computed from the conductivity, density and specific heat (k / ρc): 4.04 mm²/s, how fast a temperature change spreads through it.

Melting point of Stainless Steel 316

Stainless Steel 316 melts at 1,390–1,440 °C (2,534–2,624 °F). Basis: melting range. Source: ATI, ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)archived copy.

Maximum service temperature of Stainless Steel 316

The maximum service temperature of Stainless Steel 316 is 871–899 °C (1,600–1,650 °F). Basis: oxidation (scaling) limit in air. Source: ATI, ATI 316, 316L, 317 and 317L Technical Data Sheet (2012)archived copy.

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