Thermal conductivity against densityHigher and further left: spreads more heat for its weightThermal expansion against thermal conductivityLower and further right: warps less when heated
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Cleveland-Cliffs / AK Steel ARMCO Pure Iron Product Data Bulletin (07/2022): Table 1 typical physical properties, Table 2 typical mechanical properties after SRA/recrystallization anneal.
1
ARMCO Pure Iron Product Data Bulletin (2022)Cleveland-Cliffsarchived copyIron · Yield strength: typical (0.2% YS), hot rolled + SRA/recrystallization annealIron · Ultimate tensile strength: typical, SRA/recrystallization annealIron · Elongation at break: typical, gauge 4D0Iron · Young's modulus (stiffness): typical, after SRA/recrystallization annealIron · Density: typicalIron · Thermal conductivity: typical at 20 °CIron · Thermal expansion: mean, 20-399 °CIron · Specific heat: typicalIron · Melting point: typical
2
Ceramic Seal Material Properties (01899 F)CoorsTekarchived copyCeramic Alumina 96% · Ultimate tensile strength: typical tensile strength, 25 °C (ACMA Test #4)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Compressive strength: typical, 20 °C (ASTM-C773)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Flexural strength: flexural strength (MOR), 20 °C (ASTM-F417)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Young's modulus (stiffness): typical, 20 °C (ASTM-C848)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Density: typical (ASTM-C20)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Poisson's ratio: typical, 20 °C (ASTM-C848)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Thermal conductivity: typical, 20 °C (ASTM-C408)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Thermal expansion: mean, 25-1000 °C (ASTM-C372)Ceramic Alumina 96% · Specific heat: typical, 100 °C (ASTM-E1269)
3
Elastic Properties of Metals and Alloys, I. Iron, Nickel, and Iron-Nickel Alloys, J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 2 (1973)National Institute of Standards and Technologyarchived copyIron · Poisson's ratio: NIST critically evaluated best value (polycrystalline iron)
Each number points to the document that states it, with the exact basis. Values without a number are computed from the sourced ones. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.
Questions
Mechanical
Is Ceramic Alumina 96% stronger than Iron?
Ceramic Alumina 96% is stronger: its tensile strength is 221 MPa against yield strength 186 MPa for Iron (19%).
Which is lighter, Ceramic Alumina 96% or Iron?
Ceramic Alumina 96% is lighter: 3,720 kg/m³ against 7,860 kg/m³ for Iron.
Which is stiffer, Ceramic Alumina 96% or Iron?
Ceramic Alumina 96% is stiffer: Young's modulus 303 GPa against 207 GPa for Iron, so the same part in Ceramic Alumina 96% deflects less under the same load.
Which is lighter for the same job, Ceramic Alumina 96% or Iron?
For the same stiffness or strength: Ceramic Alumina 96% is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), stiff beam (bending), stiff panel or plate, strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.
Part that must be
Ceramic Alumina 96%
Iron
Stiff rod or tie (tension)
lighter
3.09x heavier
Stiff beam (bending)
lighter
2.56x heavier
Stiff panel or plate
lighter
2.4x heavier
Strong rod or tie
lighter
2.51x heavier
Strong beam
lighter
2.37x heavier
Strong panel or plate
lighter
2.3x heavier
For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).
Thermal
Which conducts heat better, Ceramic Alumina 96% or Iron?
Iron conducts heat better: 73.2 W/m·K against 24.7 W/m·K for Ceramic Alumina 96%.
Which expands less with temperature?
Ceramic Alumina 96% expands less: 8.2 µm/m·K against 13.7 µm/m·K for Iron.