Aluminum 1100-O vs. Aluminum 2024-T351

Compare Aluminum 1100-O vs. Aluminum 2024-T351 strength, stiffness, weight and thermal properties.

Aluminum 2024-T351Wrought

Mechanical	Aluminum 1100-O	Aluminum 2024-T351
Yield strength	35MPa1	324MPa29.26x stronger
Ultimate tensile strength	90MPa1	469MPa25.21x stronger
Elongation at break	35%11.84x more ductile	19%2
Young's modulus (stiffness)	69GPa1	73.1GPa2
Density	2,710kg/m³1	2,770kg/m³2
Strength to weight	12.9kN·m/kg	117kN·m/kg9.06x higher
Stiffness to weight	25.5MN·m/kg	26.4MN·m/kg4% higher
Poisson's ratio	not sourced	0.333
Shear modulus	not sourced	27.5GPa
Bulk modulus	not sourced	71.7GPa
Speed of sound	5,046m/s	5,137m/s2% faster

Stiffness against densityHigher and further left: stiffer for its weight

Strength against densityHigher and further left: stronger for its weight

Thermal	Aluminum 1100-O	Aluminum 2024-T351
Thermal conductivity	222W/m·K11.85x more heat through a fin	120W/m·K2
Thermal expansion	23.6µm/m·K1	22.9µm/m·K2
100 mm part over a 50 °C swing	118µm growth	115µm growth3% less
Specific heat	base material901J/kg·K4	875J/kg·K2
Heats up and cools (diffusivity)	90.9mm²/s1.84x faster	49.5mm²/s
Thermal shock resistance	not sourced	15,561W/m
Melting point	melting range640–655°C1	melting range502–638°C2

Thermal conductivity against densityHigher and further left: spreads more heat for its weight

Thermal expansion against thermal conductivityLower and further right: warps less when heated

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Sources4 documents: Kaiser Aluminum, U.S. Department of Defense, Hydro

Aluminum 1100-O: 1100-O (annealed) commercially pure aluminium, Kaiser Aluminum Tube & Pipe Alloy 1100 Technical Data (Rev. 05/06), typical properties; specific heat from Hydro EN AW-1050A (99.5% Al) extruded-products datasheet (10/2018).
Aluminum 2024-T351: 2024-T4/T351, Kaiser Aluminum sheet, coil & plate typical datasheet; Poisson from MIL-HDBK-5J

1
Alloy 1100 Tube & Pipe Technical Data, Rev. 05/06Kaiser Aluminumarchived copyAluminum 1100-O · Yield strength: typical, O, 0.0625 in specimenAluminum 1100-O · Ultimate tensile strength: typical, OAluminum 1100-O · Elongation at break: typical, O, in 4DAluminum 1100-O · Young's modulus (stiffness): typicalAluminum 1100-O · Density: nominal, 20 °CAluminum 1100-O · Thermal conductivity: typical, O, 20 °CAluminum 1100-O · Thermal expansion: typical, mean 20-100 °CAluminum 1100-O · Melting point: melting range
2
Alloy 2024 Sheet, Coil & Plate Technical DataKaiser Aluminumarchived copyAluminum 2024-T351 · Yield strength: typical, 0.2% offset, .500 in dia specimenAluminum 2024-T351 · Ultimate tensile strength: typicalAluminum 2024-T351 · Elongation at break: typical, in 4DAluminum 2024-T351 · Young's modulus (stiffness): typicalAluminum 2024-T351 · Density: nominalAluminum 2024-T351 · Thermal conductivity: typical, 20 °CAluminum 2024-T351 · Thermal expansion: typical, mean 20-100 °CAluminum 2024-T351 · Specific heat: typical, at 100 °CAluminum 2024-T351 · Melting point: melting range
3
MIL-HDBK-5J, Metallic Materials and Elements for Aerospace Vehicle Structures (2003)U.S. Department of DefenseAluminum 2024-T351 · Poisson's ratio: typical (handbook physical constant), all tempers
4
Technical Datasheet, Extruded Products: Alloy EN AW-1050AHydroAluminum 1100-O · Specific heat: base material: commercially pure aluminium EN AW-1050A (Hydro), 20 °C

Each number points to the document that states it, with the exact basis. Values without a number are computed from the sourced ones. "Not sourced" means no citable source states it (or only a specification minimum); figures computed from it are left out too.

Questions

Mechanical

Is Aluminum 1100-O stronger than Aluminum 2024-T351?

Aluminum 2024-T351 is stronger: its yield strength is 324 MPa against 35 MPa for Aluminum 1100-O (9.26x).

Which is lighter, Aluminum 1100-O or Aluminum 2024-T351?

Aluminum 1100-O is lighter: 2,710 kg/m³ against 2,770 kg/m³ for Aluminum 2024-T351.

Which is stiffer, Aluminum 1100-O or Aluminum 2024-T351?

Aluminum 2024-T351 is stiffer: Young's modulus 73.1 GPa against 69 GPa for Aluminum 1100-O, so the same part in Aluminum 2024-T351 deflects less under the same load.

Which is lighter for the same job, Aluminum 1100-O or Aluminum 2024-T351?

For the same stiffness or strength: Aluminum 2024-T351 is lighter for a stiff rod or tie (tension), strong rod or tie, strong beam, strong panel or plate.

Part that must be	Aluminum 1100-O	Aluminum 2024-T351
Stiff rod or tie (tension)	4% heavier	lighter
Stiff beam (bending)	about equal	about equal
Stiff panel or plate	about equal	about equal
Strong rod or tie	9.06x heavier	lighter
Strong beam	4.31x heavier	lighter
Strong panel or plate	2.98x heavier	lighter

For the same stiffness or strength, mass scales with density over stiffness (or strength) raised to a power set by how the part is loaded: 1 for a rod in tension, 1/2 for a beam in bending, 1/3 for a panel (the standard material-selection indices).

Which is more ductile, Aluminum 1100-O or Aluminum 2024-T351?

Aluminum 1100-O stretches further before it breaks: 35% elongation at break against 19% for Aluminum 2024-T351.

Thermal

Which conducts heat better, Aluminum 1100-O or Aluminum 2024-T351?

Aluminum 1100-O conducts heat better: 222 W/m·K against 120 W/m·K for Aluminum 2024-T351.

Which expands less with temperature?

Aluminum 2024-T351 expands less: 22.9 µm/m·K against 23.6 µm/m·K for Aluminum 1100-O.